1//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
2//
3// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6//
7//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8
9#ifndef _LIBCPP___CONFIGURATION_ATTRIBUTES_H
10#define _LIBCPP___CONFIGURATION_ATTRIBUTES_H
11
12#include <__config_site>
13#include <__configuration/hardening.h>
14#include <__configuration/language.h>
15#include <__configuration/utility.h>
16
17#ifndef _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER
18# pragma GCC system_header
19#endif
20
21#ifndef __has_declspec_attribute
22# define __has_declspec_attribute(__x) 0
23#endif
24
25// Attributes relevant for layout ABI
26// ----------------------------------
27
28#if __has_cpp_attribute(msvc::no_unique_address)
29// MSVC implements [[no_unique_address]] as a silent no-op currently.
30// (If/when MSVC breaks its C++ ABI, it will be changed to work as intended.)
31// However, MSVC implements [[msvc::no_unique_address]] which does what
32// [[no_unique_address]] is supposed to do, in general.
33# define _LIBCPP_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[msvc::no_unique_address]]
34#else
35# define _LIBCPP_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS [[__no_unique_address__]]
36#endif
37
38#define _LIBCPP_PACKED __attribute__((__packed__))
39
40// Attributes affecting overload resolution
41// ----------------------------------------
42
43#if __has_attribute(__enable_if__)
44# define _LIBCPP_PREFERRED_OVERLOAD __attribute__((__enable_if__(true, "")))
45#endif
46
47// Visibility attributes
48// ---------------------
49
50#if defined(_LIBCPP_OBJECT_FORMAT_COFF)
51
52# ifdef _DLL
53# define _LIBCPP_CRT_FUNC __declspec(dllimport)
54# else
55# define _LIBCPP_CRT_FUNC
56# endif
57
58# if defined(_LIBCPP_DISABLE_VISIBILITY_ANNOTATIONS) || (defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(_LIBCPP_BUILDING_LIBRARY))
59# define _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS
60# define _LIBCPP_CLASS_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION_VIS
61# define _LIBCPP_OVERRIDABLE_FUNC_VIS
62# define _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI
63# elif defined(_LIBCPP_BUILDING_LIBRARY)
64# if defined(__MINGW32__)
65# define _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS __declspec(dllexport)
66# define _LIBCPP_CLASS_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION_VIS
67# else
68# define _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS
69# define _LIBCPP_CLASS_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION_VIS __declspec(dllexport)
70# endif
71# define _LIBCPP_OVERRIDABLE_FUNC_VIS __declspec(dllexport)
72# define _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI __declspec(dllexport)
73# else
74# define _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS __declspec(dllimport)
75# define _LIBCPP_CLASS_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION_VIS
76# define _LIBCPP_OVERRIDABLE_FUNC_VIS
77# define _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI __declspec(dllimport)
78# endif
79
80# define _LIBCPP_HIDDEN
81# define _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_DATA_VIS
82# define _LIBCPP_NAMESPACE_VISIBILITY
83
84#else
85
86# if !defined(_LIBCPP_DISABLE_VISIBILITY_ANNOTATIONS)
87# define _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY(vis) __attribute__((__visibility__(vis)))
88# else
89# define _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY(vis)
90# endif
91
92# define _LIBCPP_HIDDEN _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY("hidden")
93# define _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_DATA_VIS _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY("default")
94# define _LIBCPP_EXPORTED_FROM_ABI _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY("default")
95# define _LIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE_TYPE_VIS _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY("default")
96# define _LIBCPP_CLASS_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION_VIS
97
98// TODO: Make this a proper customization point or remove the option to override it.
99# ifndef _LIBCPP_OVERRIDABLE_FUNC_VIS
100# define _LIBCPP_OVERRIDABLE_FUNC_VIS _LIBCPP_VISIBILITY("default")
101# endif
102
103# if !defined(_LIBCPP_DISABLE_VISIBILITY_ANNOTATIONS) && __has_attribute(__type_visibility__)
104# define _LIBCPP_NAMESPACE_VISIBILITY __attribute__((__type_visibility__("default")))
105# elif !defined(_LIBCPP_DISABLE_VISIBILITY_ANNOTATIONS)
106# define _LIBCPP_NAMESPACE_VISIBILITY __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
107# else
108# define _LIBCPP_NAMESPACE_VISIBILITY
109# endif
110
111#endif // defined(_LIBCPP_OBJECT_FORMAT_COFF)
112
113// hide_from_abi
114// -------------
115
116#define _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE __attribute__((__always_inline__))
117
118#if __has_attribute(exclude_from_explicit_instantiation)
119# define _LIBCPP_EXCLUDE_FROM_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION __attribute__((__exclude_from_explicit_instantiation__))
120#else
121// Try to approximate the effect of exclude_from_explicit_instantiation
122// (which is that entities are not assumed to be provided by explicit
123// template instantiations in the dylib) by always inlining those entities.
124# define _LIBCPP_EXCLUDE_FROM_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION _LIBCPP_ALWAYS_INLINE
125#endif
126
127#if _LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE == _LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE_FAST
128# define _LIBCPP_HARDENING_SIG f
129#elif _LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE == _LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE_EXTENSIVE
130# define _LIBCPP_HARDENING_SIG s
131#elif _LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE == _LIBCPP_HARDENING_MODE_DEBUG
132# define _LIBCPP_HARDENING_SIG d
133#else
134# define _LIBCPP_HARDENING_SIG n // "none"
135#endif
136
137#if _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC == _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_OBSERVE
138# define _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_SIG o
139#elif _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC == _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_QUICK_ENFORCE
140# define _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_SIG q
141#elif _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC == _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_ENFORCE
142# define _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_SIG e
143#else
144# define _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_SIG i // `ignore`
145#endif
146
147#if !_LIBCPP_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
148# define _LIBCPP_EXCEPTIONS_SIG n
149#else
150# define _LIBCPP_EXCEPTIONS_SIG e
151#endif
152
153#define _LIBCPP_ODR_SIGNATURE \
154 _LIBCPP_CONCAT( \
155 _LIBCPP_CONCAT(_LIBCPP_CONCAT(_LIBCPP_HARDENING_SIG, _LIBCPP_ASSERTION_SEMANTIC_SIG), _LIBCPP_EXCEPTIONS_SIG), \
156 _LIBCPP_VERSION)
157
158// This macro marks a symbol as being hidden from libc++'s ABI. This is achieved
159// on two levels:
160// 1. The symbol is given hidden visibility, which ensures that users won't start exporting
161// symbols from their dynamic library by means of using the libc++ headers. This ensures
162// that those symbols stay private to the dynamic library in which it is defined.
163//
164// 2. The symbol is given an ABI tag that encodes the ODR-relevant properties of the library.
165// This ensures that no ODR violation can arise from mixing two TUs compiled with different
166// versions or configurations of libc++ (such as exceptions vs no-exceptions). Indeed, if the
167// program contains two definitions of a function, the ODR requires them to be token-by-token
168// equivalent, and the linker is allowed to pick either definition and discard the other one.
169//
170// For example, if a program contains a copy of `vector::at()` compiled with exceptions enabled
171// *and* a copy of `vector::at()` compiled with exceptions disabled (by means of having two TUs
172// compiled with different settings), the two definitions are both visible by the linker and they
173// have the same name, but they have a meaningfully different implementation (one throws an exception
174// and the other aborts the program). This violates the ODR and makes the program ill-formed, and in
175// practice what will happen is that the linker will pick one of the definitions at random and will
176// discard the other one. This can quite clearly lead to incorrect program behavior.
177//
178// A similar reasoning holds for many other properties that are ODR-affecting. Essentially any
179// property that causes the code of a function to differ from the code in another configuration
180// can be considered ODR-affecting. In practice, we don't encode all such properties in the ABI
181// tag, but we encode the ones that we think are most important: library version, exceptions, and
182// hardening mode.
183//
184// Note that historically, solving this problem has been achieved in various ways, including
185// force-inlining all functions or giving internal linkage to all functions. Both these previous
186// solutions suffer from drawbacks that lead notably to code bloat.
187//
188// Note that we use _LIBCPP_EXCLUDE_FROM_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION to ensure that we don't depend
189// on _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI methods of classes explicitly instantiated in the dynamic library.
190//
191// Also note that the _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_VIRTUAL macro should be used on virtual functions
192// instead of _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI. That macro does not use an ABI tag. Indeed, the mangled
193// name of a virtual function is part of its ABI, since some architectures like arm64e can sign
194// the virtual function pointer in the vtable based on the mangled name of the function. Since
195// we use an ABI tag that changes with each released version, the mangled name of the virtual
196// function would change, which is incorrect. Note that it doesn't make much sense to change
197// the implementation of a virtual function in an ABI-incompatible way in the first place,
198// since that would be an ABI break anyway. Hence, the lack of ABI tag should not be noticeable.
199//
200// The macro can be applied to record and enum types. When the tagged type is nested in
201// a record this "parent" record needs to have the macro too. Another use case for applying
202// this macro to records and unions is to apply an ABI tag to inline constexpr variables.
203// This can be useful for inline variables that are implementation details which are expected
204// to change in the future.
205//
206// TODO: We provide a escape hatch with _LIBCPP_NO_ABI_TAG for folks who want to avoid increasing
207// the length of symbols with an ABI tag. In practice, we should remove the escape hatch and
208// use compression mangling instead, see https://github.com/itanium-cxx-abi/cxx-abi/issues/70.
209#ifndef _LIBCPP_NO_ABI_TAG
210# define _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI \
211 _LIBCPP_HIDDEN _LIBCPP_EXCLUDE_FROM_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION \
212 __attribute__((__abi_tag__(_LIBCPP_TOSTRING(_LIBCPP_ODR_SIGNATURE))))
213#else
214# define _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI _LIBCPP_HIDDEN _LIBCPP_EXCLUDE_FROM_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION
215#endif
216#define _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI_VIRTUAL _LIBCPP_HIDDEN _LIBCPP_EXCLUDE_FROM_EXPLICIT_INSTANTIATION
217
218// This macro makes sure that private classes which aren't necessarily part of the ABI change their name every release.
219// The intention is _not_ to put it on every private class, but only on classes where type name stability implies ABI
220// stability. This is essentially the case for classes that are only accessed through the vtable after instantiation,
221// for example the control blocks of `shared_ptr`. These classes can change in ABI breaking ways as long as their name
222// (and hence their vtable symbol) changes too. Note that the vtable and RTTI are not marked with
223// [[gnu::visibility("hidden")]], since the vtable and RTTI should still be deduplicated across dylibs with the same
224// instatiations.
225#define _LIBCPP_HIDE_STRUCT_FROM_ABI [[__gnu__::__abi_tag__(_LIBCPP_TOSTRING(_LIBCPP_ODR_SIGNATURE))]]
226
227// Optional attributes
228// -------------------
229
230// these are useful for a better QoI, but not required to be available
231
232#define _LIBCPP_NOALIAS __attribute__((__malloc__))
233#define _LIBCPP_NODEBUG [[__gnu__::__nodebug__]]
234#define _LIBCPP_NO_SANITIZE(...) __attribute__((__no_sanitize__(__VA_ARGS__)))
235#define _LIBCPP_INIT_PRIORITY_MAX __attribute__((__init_priority__(100)))
236#define _LIBCPP_ATTRIBUTE_FORMAT(archetype, format_string_index, first_format_arg_index) \
237 __attribute__((__format__(archetype, format_string_index, first_format_arg_index)))
238
239#if __has_attribute(__no_sanitize__) && !defined(_LIBCPP_COMPILER_GCC)
240# define _LIBCPP_NO_CFI __attribute__((__no_sanitize__("cfi")))
241#else
242# define _LIBCPP_NO_CFI
243#endif
244
245#if __has_attribute(__using_if_exists__)
246# define _LIBCPP_USING_IF_EXISTS __attribute__((__using_if_exists__))
247#else
248# define _LIBCPP_USING_IF_EXISTS
249#endif
250
251#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__no_destroy__)
252# define _LIBCPP_NO_DESTROY [[_Clang::__no_destroy__]]
253#else
254# define _LIBCPP_NO_DESTROY
255#endif
256
257#if __has_attribute(__diagnose_if__)
258# define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_WARNING(...) __attribute__((__diagnose_if__(__VA_ARGS__, "warning")))
259#else
260# define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_WARNING(...)
261#endif
262
263#if __has_attribute(__diagnose_if__) && !defined(_LIBCPP_APPLE_CLANG_VER) && \
264 (!defined(_LIBCPP_CLANG_VER) || _LIBCPP_CLANG_VER >= 2001)
265# define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_IF(...) __attribute__((__diagnose_if__(__VA_ARGS__)))
266#else
267# define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_IF(...)
268#endif
269
270#define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_NULLPTR_IF(condition, condition_description) \
271 _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_IF( \
272 condition, \
273 "null passed to callee that requires a non-null argument" condition_description, \
274 "warning", \
275 "nonnull")
276
277#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__lifetimebound__)
278# define _LIBCPP_LIFETIMEBOUND [[_Clang::__lifetimebound__]]
279#else
280# define _LIBCPP_LIFETIMEBOUND
281#endif
282
283// This is to work around https://llvm.org/PR156809
284#ifndef _LIBCPP_CXX03_LANG
285# define _LIBCPP_CTOR_LIFETIMEBOUND _LIBCPP_LIFETIMEBOUND
286#else
287# define _LIBCPP_CTOR_LIFETIMEBOUND
288#endif
289
290#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__noescape__)
291# define _LIBCPP_NOESCAPE [[_Clang::__noescape__]]
292#else
293# define _LIBCPP_NOESCAPE
294#endif
295
296#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__no_specializations__)
297# define _LIBCPP_NO_SPECIALIZATIONS \
298 [[_Clang::__no_specializations__("Users are not allowed to specialize this standard library entity")]]
299#else
300# define _LIBCPP_NO_SPECIALIZATIONS
301#endif
302
303#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__preferred_name__)
304# define _LIBCPP_PREFERRED_NAME(x) [[_Clang::__preferred_name__(x)]]
305#else
306# define _LIBCPP_PREFERRED_NAME(x)
307#endif
308
309#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__scoped_lockable__)
310# define _LIBCPP_SCOPED_LOCKABLE [[_Clang::__scoped_lockable__]]
311#else
312# define _LIBCPP_SCOPED_LOCKABLE
313#endif
314
315#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__capability__)
316# define _LIBCPP_CAPABILITY(...) [[_Clang::__capability__(__VA_ARGS__)]]
317#else
318# define _LIBCPP_CAPABILITY(...)
319#endif
320
321#if __has_attribute(__acquire_capability__)
322# define _LIBCPP_ACQUIRE_CAPABILITY(...) __attribute__((__acquire_capability__(__VA_ARGS__)))
323#else
324# define _LIBCPP_ACQUIRE_CAPABILITY(...)
325#endif
326
327#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__try_acquire_capability__)
328# define _LIBCPP_TRY_ACQUIRE_CAPABILITY(...) [[_Clang::__try_acquire_capability__(__VA_ARGS__)]]
329#else
330# define _LIBCPP_TRY_ACQUIRE_CAPABILITY(...)
331#endif
332
333#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__acquire_shared_capability__)
334# define _LIBCPP_ACQUIRE_SHARED_CAPABILITY [[_Clang::__acquire_shared_capability__]]
335#else
336# define _LIBCPP_ACQUIRE_SHARED_CAPABILITY
337#endif
338
339#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__try_acquire_shared_capability__)
340# define _LIBCPP_TRY_ACQUIRE_SHARED_CAPABILITY(...) [[_Clang::__try_acquire_shared_capability__(__VA_ARGS__)]]
341#else
342# define _LIBCPP_TRY_ACQUIRE_SHARED_CAPABILITY(...)
343#endif
344
345#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__release_capability__)
346# define _LIBCPP_RELEASE_CAPABILITY [[_Clang::__release_capability__]]
347#else
348# define _LIBCPP_RELEASE_CAPABILITY
349#endif
350
351#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__release_shared_capability__)
352# define _LIBCPP_RELEASE_SHARED_CAPABILITY [[_Clang::__release_shared_capability__]]
353#else
354# define _LIBCPP_RELEASE_SHARED_CAPABILITY
355#endif
356
357#if __has_attribute(__requires_capability__)
358# define _LIBCPP_REQUIRES_CAPABILITY(...) __attribute__((__requires_capability__(__VA_ARGS__)))
359#else
360# define _LIBCPP_REQUIRES_CAPABILITY(...)
361#endif
362
363#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__no_thread_safety_analysis__)
364# define _LIBCPP_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS [[_Clang::__no_thread_safety_analysis__]]
365#else
366# define _LIBCPP_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
367#endif
368
369#if defined(_LIBCPP_ABI_MICROSOFT) && __has_declspec_attribute(empty_bases)
370# define _LIBCPP_DECLSPEC_EMPTY_BASES __declspec(empty_bases)
371#else
372# define _LIBCPP_DECLSPEC_EMPTY_BASES
373#endif
374
375// Allow for build-time disabling of unsigned integer sanitization
376#if __has_attribute(no_sanitize) && !defined(_LIBCPP_COMPILER_GCC)
377# define _LIBCPP_DISABLE_UBSAN_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_CHECK __attribute__((__no_sanitize__("unsigned-integer-overflow")))
378#else
379# define _LIBCPP_DISABLE_UBSAN_UNSIGNED_INTEGER_CHECK
380#endif
381
382#if __has_feature(nullability)
383# define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_NULLPTR _Nonnull
384#else
385# define _LIBCPP_DIAGNOSE_NULLPTR
386#endif
387
388#if defined(__CUDACC__) || defined(__CUDA_ARCH__) || defined(__CUDA_LIBDEVICE__)
389// The CUDA SDK contains an unfortunate definition for the __noinline__ macro,
390// which breaks the regular __attribute__((__noinline__)) syntax. Therefore,
391// when compiling for CUDA we use the non-underscored version of the noinline
392// attribute.
393//
394// This is a temporary workaround and we still expect the CUDA SDK team to solve
395// this issue properly in the SDK headers.
396//
397// See https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/73838 for more details.
398# define _LIBCPP_NOINLINE __attribute__((noinline))
399#elif __has_attribute(__noinline__)
400# define _LIBCPP_NOINLINE __attribute__((__noinline__))
401#else
402# define _LIBCPP_NOINLINE
403#endif
404
405// Deprecation macros
406// ------------------
407
408// Deprecations warnings are always enabled, except when users explicitly opt-out
409// by defining _LIBCPP_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS.
410#if !defined(_LIBCPP_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS)
411# if __has_attribute(__deprecated__)
412# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED __attribute__((__deprecated__))
413# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_(m) __attribute__((__deprecated__(m)))
414# elif _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 14
415# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED [[deprecated]]
416# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_(m) [[deprecated(m)]]
417# else
418# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
419# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_(m)
420# endif
421#else
422# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
423# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_(m)
424#endif
425
426#if !defined(_LIBCPP_CXX03_LANG)
427# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX11 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
428#else
429# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX11
430#endif
431
432#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 14
433# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX14 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
434#else
435# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX14
436#endif
437
438#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 17
439# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX17 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
440#else
441# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX17
442#endif
443
444#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
445# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX20 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
446#else
447# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX20
448#endif
449
450#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
451# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX23 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
452#else
453# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX23
454#endif
455
456#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26
457# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX26 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
458# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX26_(m) _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_(m)
459#else
460# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX26
461# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX26_(m)
462#endif
463
464#if _LIBCPP_HAS_CHAR8_T
465# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_WITH_CHAR8_T _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED
466#else
467# define _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_WITH_CHAR8_T
468#endif
469
470#if __has_cpp_attribute(_Clang::__no_field_protection__)
471# define _LIBCPP_DISABLE_POINTER_FIELD_PROTECTION [[_Clang::__no_field_protection__]]
472#else
473# define _LIBCPP_DISABLE_POINTER_FIELD_PROTECTION
474#endif
475
476#endif // _LIBCPP___CONFIGURATION_ATTRIBUTES_H
477